Accuracy [精度] : The degree of
precision. Usually expressed, in terms of error, as a percentage of the
specified value, or as a percentage of a range.
A/D [類比/數位] : Analog-to-digital
conversion. The process changes an analog signal into a digital value
representative of the magnitude of the signal at the moment of
conversion.
Absolute pressure (psia) [絕對壓力] : The
total force per unit area exerted by a fluid. It is the sum of
atmospheric and gauge pressures.
Alternating current (AC) [交流電] :
Current which reverses polarity at a uniform frequency.
Atmospheric pressure [大氣壓力] : The force
exerted on a unit area by the weight of the atmosphere.
Baud rate [鮑率] : A unit of measure for
data transmission speed. It represents the number of signal elements
(typically bits) transmitted per second. Typical baud rates are 300,
1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 14400, and 28800.
Buffer [緩衝] : In chemistry terms, a
solution that maintains a set pH value regardless of added acids or
bases; often used for calibration.
In computer terms, a
device used to store data temporarily, normally to compensate for
differences in speed between system components (for example, a
high-speed data acquisition board and main memory).
Byte [位元組] : Eight related bits of
information processed as a unit. Eight bits equal one byte.
Cavitation [空泡]: Process in which small
bubbles are formed and implode violently. This results in aggressive
cleaning action in ultrasonic cleaners.
Contacts: Elements used to mechanically
make or break an electric circuit.
Continuous duty [連續作動] : A device able
to operate continuously with no off or rest periods.
Convection [對流] : Transmission of
energy or mass in a medium by movement of the medium itself.
Density [密度] : The mass of a given
substance per unit volume, often expressed as pounds/ft3 or
grams/cm3.
Direct current (DC) [直流電] : A current
with a constant polarity.
Factory calibration [出廠校驗值] : The
tuning or altering of a control device by the manufacturer to bring it
into specification.
Gain [放大增益] : Ratio of output voltage,
current, or power to input voltage, current, or power.
Gauge pressure (psig) [錶壓力] : A measure
of the force per area exerted by a fluid using atmospheric pressure as a
zero reference.
Impedance [阻抗] : The opposition in an
electric circuit to the flow of an alternating current. It consists of
ohmic resistance, inductive reactance, and capacitive reactance.
Inductive load [電感負載驅動] : Electrical
devices made of wound or coiled wire. Current passing through the coil
creates a magnetic field that in turn produces mechanical work.
Linearity [線性度] : The degree to which
performance or response approaches the condition of being linear.
Expressed in percent.
Normally closed (NC) switch [常閉型開關] : A
switch in which the contacts are closed (contacting) without any
external force acting upon it.
Normally open (NO) switch
[常開型開關]
: A switch in which the
contacts are open (separated) when no external forces act upon the
switch.
On/off control [開/關] : A simple control
system in which the device being controlled is either full on or full
off, with no intermediate operating positions.
pH [酸鹼值] : An indication of the acidity
or alkalinity of a solution. Units range from 0 (most acidic), to 7
(neutral), to 14 (most alkaline).
PID control (proportional, integral, derivative)
[比例-積分微分控制] : Control in which the control signal is a linear
combination of the error signal, its integral, and its derivative.
Pressure [壓力] : Force exerted per unit
area.
Proportional control [比例控制] : Control
in which the amount of corrective action is proportional to the amount
of error.
Range [額定範圍] : The limits within which
a device or circuit operates or the distance over which a transmitter
operates reliably.
Serial transmission [串列式傳輸] : Sending
one bit at a time on a single transmission line.
Shunt [跨接] : A conductor joining two
points in an electrical circuit to form a parallel path. All or some
portion of the current may pass through the shunt.
Single-phase motor [單相馬達] : Any motor
energized by a single alternation voltage.
Solid-state [固態] : Any element that
controls current without moving parts, heated filaments, or vacuum gaps.
Standard operating conditions, standard
temperature and pressure (STP) [標準狀態] : Defined temperature
and pressure to which all values are referenced for comparison.
Generally 760 mm Hg (1 atm), 25°C.
Temperature compensation [溫度補償] :
Correction for the influence of temperature on a measurement.
Tolerance [公差] : The maximum allowable
deviation from a specified standard, as the range of variation
permitted, expressed in actual values or more often as a percentage of
the nominal value.
Transducer [傳感器] : Any device which
generates an electrical signal from real world physical measurements.
Transmitter [傳送器] : A device which
translates the low-level output of a sensor or transducer to a higher
level signal suitable for transmission to a site where it can be further
processed.
Three-phase motor [三相馬達] : A relatively
inexpensive, self-starting motor (no starting winding or capacitor); can
start heavy loads. The motor requires a three-phase AC power supply.
Viscosity [黏度] : The resistance of a
fluid to flow when subjected to shear stress.
